Oracle

Oracle的启动过程详解

日期:2015/6/28来源: IT猫扑网

  oracle的启动过程共经历四个阶段:

  shutdown→nomount→mount→open

  shutdown→nomount过程:

  读初始参数文件

  分配物理内存

  启动后台进程

  定位到控制文件

  打开/写alert文件

  nomount过程可以访问的动态性能视图:v$parameter,v$sga,v$option,v$process,v$version,v$instance

  nomount→mount过程:

  打开控制文件

  确认 database的结构信息

  mount过程可以访问的动态性能视图: v$thread,v$controlfile,v$database,v$datafile,v$datafile_header,v$logfile

  以下任务必须在mount状态下进行:

  命名数据文件

  启用和禁用重作日志归档选项

  执行完全数据库恢复

  mount→open过程:

  打开数据文件

  打开重做日志文件

  最后阶段中,oracle服务器验证所有数据文件和重做日志文件是否可以打开,并检查数据库的一致性,如果需要,smon进程会启动例程恢复。

  自上而下:

  shutdown:

  nomount:读取初始化参数,并且分配物理内存,通过初始化参数定位到control file,后台进程启动,写alter文件,如果alter文件不存在将创建它

  SQL> startup nomount

  ORACLE 例程已经启动。

  Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes

  Fixed Size      1247900 bytes

  Variable Size  83887460 bytes

  Database Buffers     79691776 bytes

  Redo Buffers    2945024 bytes

  altert文件中内容:

  Fri Dec 28 11:34:06 2007

  Starting ORACLE instance (normal)

  LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0

  LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0

  Picked latch-free SCN scheme 2

  Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10 parameter default value as USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

  Autotune of undo retention is turned on.

  IMODE=BR

  ILAT =18

  LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0

  SYS auditing is disabled

  ksdpec: called for event 13740 prior to event group initialization

  Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 10.2.0.1.0.

  System parameters with non-default values:

  processes    = 150

  __shared_pool_size = 75497472

  __large_pool_size  = 4194304

  __java_pool_size   = 4194304

  __streams_pool_size      = 0

  spfile = E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\DB_2\DBS\SPFILEORCL.ORA

  sga_target   = 167772160

  control_files      = E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\ORCL\CONTROL01.CTL, E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\ORCL\CONTROL02.CTL, E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\ORCL\CONTROL03.CTL

  db_block_size      = 8192

  __db_cache_size    = 79691776

  compatible   = 10.2.0.1.0

  db_file_multiblock_read_count= 16

  db_recovery_file_dest    = E:\oracle\product\10.2.0/Flash_recovery_area

  db_recovery_file_dest_size= 2147483648

  undo_management    = AUTO

  undo_tablespace    = UNDOTBS1

  remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE

  db_domain    =

  dispatchers  = (PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)

  job_queue_processes      = 10

  audit_file_dest    = E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ADMIN\ORCL\ADUMP

  background_dump_dest     = E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ADMIN\ORCL\BDUMP

  user_dump_dest     = E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ADMIN\ORCL\UDUMP

  core_dump_dest     = E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ADMIN\ORCL\CDUMP

  db_name      = orcl

  open_cursors = 300

  pga_aggregate_target     = 16777216

  PMON started with pid=2, OS id=3280

  PSP0 started with pid=3, OS id=2972

  MMAN started with pid=4, OS id=2280

  DBW0 started with pid=5, OS id=828

  LGWR started with pid=6, OS id=1936

  CKPT started with pid=7, OS id=3844

  SMON started with pid=8, OS id=596

  RECO started with pid=9, OS id=3252

  CJQ0 started with pid=10, OS id=1932

  MMON started with pid=11, OS id=3788

  Fri Dec 28 11:34:17 2007

  starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...

  MMNL started with pid=12, OS id=928

  Fri Dec 28 11:34:17 2007

  starting up 1 shared server(s) ...

#p#副标题#e#

  在nomount状态:

  可以访问到实例

  SQL> select * from v$instance;

  INSTANCE_NUMBER  INSTANCE_NAME   HOST_NAME

  --------------- -------------------------------- -------------------------------

  1    orcl     ORACLE10G

  可以访问到后台进程

  select * from v$bgprocess;

  可以访问到内存结构

  SQL> select * from v$sga;

  NAME      VALUE

  ---------------------------------------- ----------

  Fixed Size    1247900

  Variable Size      83887460

  Database Buffers   79691776

  Redo Buffers  2945024

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