在Oracle里设置访问多个SQL Server

2015-06-28 00:00作者：网管联盟

如何在Oracle里设置访问多个SQL Server数据库？假设我们要在ORACLE里同时能访问SQL Server里默认的pubs和Northwind两个数据库。

1、在安装了ORACLE9i Standard Edition或者ORACLE9i Enterprise Edition的windows机器上(IP:192.168.0.2), 产品要选了透明网关(Oracle Transparent Gateway)里访问Microsoft SQL Server数据库

$ORACLE9I_HOMEtg4msqladmin下新写initpubs.ora和initnorthwind.ora配置文件.

initpubs.ora内容如下:

HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO=&SERVER=SQLSERVER_HOSTNMAE;DATABASE=pubs&

HS_DB_NAME=pubs

HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF

HS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVER

HS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVER

initnorthwind.ora内容如下:

HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO=&SERVER=sqlserver_hostname;DATABASE=Northwind&

HS_DB_NAME=Northwind

HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF

HS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVER

HS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVER



$ORACLE9I_HOMEnetworkadmin 下listener.ora内容如下:

LISTENER =

  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

   (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))

  )

  )

  )



SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST =

  (SID_DESC =

  (GLOBAL_DBNAME = test9)

  (ORACLE_HOME = d:oracleora92)

  (SID_NAME = test9)

 )

  (SID_DESC=

  (SID_NAME=pubs)

  (ORACLE_HOME=d:OracleOra92) 

  (PROGRAM=tg4msql)

  )

  (SID_DESC=

  (SID_NAME=northwind)

  (ORACLE_HOME=d:OracleOra92) 

 (PROGRAM=tg4msql)

    )

  )

重启动这台做gateway的windows机器上(IP:192.168.0.2)TNSListener服务.

(凡是按此步骤新增可访问的SQL Server数据库时，TNSListener服务都要重启动)

2、ORACLE8I，ORACLE9I的服务器端配置tnsnames.ora, 添加下面的内容:

pubs =

  (DESCRIPTION =

  (ADDRESS_LIST =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

    (SID = pubs)

    )

    (HS = pubs) 

   )

   

northwind =

  (DESCRIPTION =

  (ADDRESS_LIST =

 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

    (SID = northwind)

    )

    (HS = northwind) 

   )   

 保存tnsnames.ora后,在命令行下

 tnsping pubs

 tnsping northwind

出现类似提示，即为成功

Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = 

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)

(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = pubs)) (HS = pubs))

OK（20毫秒）

Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST =

 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)

(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = northwind)) (HS = northwind))

OK（20毫秒）

设置数据库参数global_names=false。

设置global_names=false不要求建立的数据库链接和目的数据库的全局名称一致。global_names=true则要求, 多少有些不方便。

oracle9i和oracle8i都可以在DBA用户下用SQL命令改变global_names参数

alter system set global_names=false;

建立公有的数据库链接:

create public database link pubs 

connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'pubs';

create public database link northwind 

connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'northwind';

(假设SQL Server下pubs和northwind已有足够权限的用户登陆testuser,

密码为testuser_pwd)

访问SQL Server下数据库里的数据:

select * from stores@pubs;

...... 	......

select * from region@northwind;

......  ......

3、使用时的注意事项

ORACLE通过访问SQL Server的数据库链接时，用select * 的时候字段名是用双引号引起来的。

例如：

create table stores as select * from stores@pubs;

select zip from stores；

ERROR 位于第 1 行:

ORA-00904: 无效列名

select &zip& from stores;

zip

-----

98056

92789

96745

98014

90019

89076

已选择6行。

用SQL Navigator或Toad看从SQL Server转移到ORACLE里的表的建表语句为:

CREATE TABLE stores

    (&stor_id&                      CHAR(4) NOT NULL,

    &stor_name&                    VARCHAR2(40),

    &stor_address&                 VARCHAR2(40),

    &city&                         VARCHAR2(20),

    &state&                        CHAR(2),

    &zip&                          CHAR(5))

  PCTFREE     10

  PCTUSED     40

  INITRANS    1

  MAXTRANS    255

  TABLESPACE  users

  STORAGE   (

    INITIAL     131072

    NEXT        131072

    PCTINCREASE 0

    MINEXTENTS  1

    MAXEXTENTS  2147483645

  )

/

总结:

WINDOWS下ORACLE9i网关服务器在$ORACLE9I_HOMEtg4msqladmin目录下的initsqlserver_databaseid.ora

WINDOWS下ORACLE9i网关服务器listener.ora里面

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