修改oracle数据库字符集的方法

　　>sqlplus &/ as sysdba&

　　SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat Nov 1 10:52:30 2003

　　Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

　　Connected to:

　　Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

　　With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options

　　JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

　　SQL> shutdown immediate

　　Database closed.

　　Database dismounted.

　　ORACLE instance shut down.

　　SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;

　　ORACLE instance started.

　　Total System Global Area   76619308 bytes

　　Fixed Size 454188 bytes

　　Variable Size  58720256 bytes

　　Database Buffers     16777216 bytes

　　Redo Buffers     667648 bytes

　　Database mounted.

　　SQL> ALTER SESSION SET SQL_TRACE=TRUE;

　　Session altered.

　　SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

　　System altered.

　　SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

　　System altered.

　　SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;

　　System altered.

　　SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

　　Database altered.

　　SQL> set linesize 120;

　　SQL> alter database character set zhs16gbk;

　　alter database character set zhs16gbk

　　*

　　ERROR at line 1:

　　ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set

　　SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk; # 使用INTERNAL_USE可以跳过超集的检查,ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE

　　Database altered.

　　SQL> ALTER SESSION SET SQL_TRACE=FALSE;

　　SQL> shutdown immediate;

　　Database closed.

　　Database dismounted.

　　ORACLE instance shut down.

　　SQL> STARTUP

　　ORACLE instance started.

　　Total System Global Area 235999352 bytes

　　Fixed Size 450680 bytes

　　Variable Size 201326592 bytes

　　Database Buffers 33554432 bytes

　　Redo Buffers 667648 bytes

　　Database mounted.

　　Database opened.

　　SQL> select name,value$ from props$ where name like ''%NLS%'';

　　NAME   VALUE$

　　------------------------------ ------------------------------

　　NLS_LANGUAGE AMERICAN

　　NLS_TERRITORY      AMERICA

　　NLS_CURRENCY $

　　NLS_ISO_CURRENCY   AMERICA

　　NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS   .,

　　NLS_CHARACTERSET   ZHS16GBK

　　…..

　　NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET   AL16UTF16

　　NLS_RDBMS_VERSION  9.2.0.4.0

　　20 rows selected.