LINUX

新手学堂 详解Ubuntu Server安装过程

日期:2015/6/28来源: IT猫扑网

  系统软件:Ubuntu 7.04 内核,Fluxbox桌面管理,firefox浏览器,openoffice办公软件,xfe文件管理器

  Step1:安装Ubuntu 7.04 Server

  a、Server安装画面,按F6,在 —— 之前添加 "irqpoll" 选项; 按F4,选择屏幕分辨率为1024×768 32

  b、语言选择English

  c、当安装自动设定 DHCP 时,选择 "Cancel"节省系统安装时间

  d、手动硬盘分区,创建一个65Mb的分区,并将其挂载点设定为 /boot,bootable选项设定为True,如不这么设定,系统安装完无法启动

  e、Server 安装类型、选择LAMP

  f、安装过程约15分钟

  Step 2:设定网络

  a、动态ip:

  sudo nano /etc/interfaces 在文件的最后加入

  iface eth0 inet dhcp

  auto eth0

  b、静态ip:(加快启动速度)

  iface eth0 inet static

  address 192.168.0.3

  netmask 255.255.255.0

  gateway 192.168.0.1

  auto eth0

  注:ip地址设定为192.168.0.3,子网掩码:255.255.255.0,网关:192.168.0.1

  按 Ctrl+o 保存文件,按Ctrl+x退出

  设定DNS(动态ip不需)

  sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf 在文件加入

  nameserver 192.168.0.1

  注:192.168.0.1 是DNS的ip地址

  按 Ctrl+o 保存文件,按Ctrl+x退出

  Step 3、重启系统网络

  sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

  Step 4、修改 源

  从网上获得一个复制文件 或 手工修改

  a、从网上获得一个源复制文件

  wget https://www.topmiracle.net/sources.list

  sudo cp ./sources.list /etc/apt

  b、手工修改

  sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list 设定 源 为

  deb https://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty main restricted universe multiverse

  deb https://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security main restricted universe multiverse

  deb https://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-updates main restricted universe multiverse

  deb https://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

  deb https://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

  deb-src https://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty main restricted universe multiverse

  deb-src https://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security main restricted universe multiverse

  deb-src https://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-updates main restricted universe multiverse

  deb-src https://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

  deb-src https://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

#p#副标题#e#

  Step 5、更新 源软件包 和 更新系统软件

  sudo aptitude update

  sudo aptitude upgrade

  Step 6、安装Xorg,Fluxbox,Synaptic

  sudo aptitude install xorg fluxbox synaptic

  Step 7、安装英文和中文包

  sudo aptitude install language-pack-en language-pack-en-base language-pack-zh language-pack-zh-base language-selector language-selector-common

  Step 8、在英文界面输入中文

  sudo fontconfig-voodoo -f zh_CN

  Step 9、安装fcitx中文输入

  sudo aptitude install fcitx

  im-switch -s fcitx

  sudo nano /etc/gtk-2.0/gtk.immodules

  找到下面这个部份

  "/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.10.0/immodules/im-xim.so" "xim" "X Input Method" "gtk20" "/usr/share/locale" "ko:ja:th:zh"

  更改为

  "/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.10.0/immodules/im-xim.so" "xim" "X Input Method" "gtk20" "/usr/share/locale" "en:ko:ja:th:zh"

  Set 10、设定中文输入,系统环境

  sudo nano /etc/environment 在文件PATH后添加以下内容LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"

  LANG="en_US.UTF-8"

  Step 11、安装中文字体

  sudo aptitude install xfonts-wqy

#p#副标题#e#

  Setp 12、设定系统启用中文字体

  从网上复制一个配置文件 或者 手工创建

  a、从网上复制一个配置文件

  wget https://www.topmiracle.net/language-selector.conf

  sudo cp ./language-selector.conf /etc/fonts

  b、手工创建

  sudo nano /etc/fonts/language-selector.conf 文件内容为

<fontconfig> 
    <alias> 
                <family>serif</family> 
                <prefer> 
                        <family>Bitstream Vera Serif</family> 
                        <family>DejaVu Serif</family> 
                        <family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family> 
                        <family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family> 
                        <family>AR PL ZenKai Uni</family> 
                </prefer> 
        </alias> 
        <alias> 
                <family>sans-serif</family> 
                <prefer> 
                        <family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family> 
                        <family>DejaVu Sans</family> 
                        <family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family> 
                        <family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family> 
                        <family>AR PL ZenKai Uni</family> 
                </prefer> 
        </alias> 
        <alias> 
                <family>monospace</family> 
                <prefer> 
                        <family>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</family> 
                        <family>DejaVu Sans Mono</family> 
                        <family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family> 
                        <family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family> 
                        <family>AR PL ZenKai Uni</family> 
                </prefer> 
        </alias> 
        <match target="font" > 
                <test name="family" compare="contains" > 
                        <string>Song</string> 
                        <string>Sun</string> 
                        <string>Kai</string> 
                        <string>Ming</string> 
                </test>  
                <!-- check to see if the font is just regular --> 
                <test name="weight" compare="less_eq"> 
                        <int>100</int> 
        </test> 
                <test compare="more_eq" target="pattern" name="weight" > 
                        <int>180</int> 
                </test> 
                <edit mode="assign" name="embolden" > 
                        <bool>true</bool> 
                </edit> 
    </match> 
        <match target="font" > 
                <test name="family" compare="contains" > 
                        <string>Song</string> 
                        <string>Sun</string> 
                        <string>Kai</string> 
                        <string>Ming</string> 
                </test>  



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